Clinical Case Database / Category: Patient Management

Important AIDS-defining illnesses in the UK

Publication details

Emma Clarke, MBChB, BMedSc, Kaveh Manavi MD, FRCP
Foundation Years Journal, volume 5, issue 2, p.51 (123Doc Education, London, March 2011)

Abstract

This article aims to discuss important AIDS-defining illnesses in the UK pertaining to all doctors to improve detection of HIV, as earlier detection confers a more favourable prognosis.

Access the Clinical Cases Database

A subscription is required to read the full article. Please subscribe using one of the options below.

Authors

Emma Clarke, MBChB, BMedSc

Foundation Year Two Doctor
GU Medicine department
University Hospital Birmingham
eclarke4@nhs.net

Kaveh Manavi MD, FRCP

Consultant in GU/HIV medicine
GU Medicine Department
University Hospital Birmingham

References

1. Manfredi R., Chiodo F. Features of AIDS and AIDS defining diseases during the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era, compared with the pre- HAART period: A case control study. Sex Transm Infect 2000; 76:145–46.
2. UNAIDS Global facts and figures fact sheet 09. [Updated 2009 November; cited 2010 June 28th]. Available from: http://data.unAID’s.org/pub/ FactSheet/2009/20091124_FS_global_en.pdf
3. UNAIDS Fact sheet 09; North America and Western and Central Europe. [Updated 2009 November; cited 2010 June 28th]. Available from: http:// data.unaids.org/pub/FactSheet/2009/20091124_FS_nawce_en.pdf
4. UNAIDS AIDS epidemic update. [Updated 2009 November; cited 2010 June 28th] Available from: http://data.unaids.org/pub/Report/2009/JC1700_ Epi_Update_2009_en.pdf
5. Furrer H., Egger M., Opravil M., et al. Discontinuation of primary prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in HIV-1-infected adults treated with combination antiretroviral therapy. Swiss HIV Cohort Study. N Engl J Med 1999; 340:1301–6.
6. Phair J., Munoz A., Detels R., et al. The risk of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia among men infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study Group. N Engl J Med 1990; 322:161–5.
7. Lundberg B.E., Davidson A.J., Burman W.J. Epidemiology of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in an era of effective prophylaxis: the relative contri¬bution of non-adherence and drug failure. AIDS 2000; 14:2559–66.
8. Morris A., Wachter R.M., Luce J., et al. Improved survival with highly active antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients with severe Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. AIDS 2003; 17: 73–80.
9. Selwyn P.A., Pumerantz A.S., Durante A., et al. Clinical predictors of Pneumocystis carinnii pneumonia, bacterial pneumonia and tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients. AIDS 1998; 12: 885–93.
10. Hidalgo A., Falco V., Mauleon S., et al. Accuracy of high-resolution CT in distinguishing between Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and non-Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS patients. Eur Radiol 2003; 13:1179–84.
11. Global tuberculosis control; surveillance, planning, financing. WHO report 2007. Geneva, World Health Organisation.
12. Horsburgh C.R. Jr. Priorities for the treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in the United States. N Engl J Med 2004; 350:2060–7.
13. Pattman R., Snow M. , Handy P., et al (eds.). Oxford Handbook of Genitourinary Medicine, HIV and AIDS. New York. Oxford University Press 2005.
14. Campbell I.A., Bah-Sow O. Pulmonary Tuberculosis: diagnosis and treatment. BMJ 2006; 332:1194–7.
19. Kohli R., Lo Y., Homel P., et al. Bacterial pneumonia, HIV therapy, and disease progression among HIV-infected women in the HIV epidemio¬logic research (HER) study. Clin Infect Dis 2006; 43:90–8.
20. Rimland D., Navin T.R., Lennox J.L., et al. Prospective study of etiologic agents in community aquired pneumonia in patients with HIV infection. AIDS 2002; 16: 85–95.
21. Centre for Disease Control and Prevention Public Health Image Library. Image 1217. Http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/details.asp. (Accessed 2nd July 2010).
22. Tirelli U., Franceschi S., Carbone A. Malignant tumours in patients with HIV infection. BMJ 1994; 308:1148–53.
23. Powles T., Matthews G., Bower M. AIDS related systemic non- Hodgkin’s Lymphoma. Sex Transm Infect 2000; 76: 335–41.
24. Centre for Disease Control and Prevention Public Health Image Library. Image 6436. Http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/details.asp. (Accessed 2nd July 2010).
25. Centre for Disease Control and Prevention Public Health Image Library. Image 6058. Http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/details.asp. (Accessed 2nd July 2010).
26. Palella FJ Jr., Delaney K.M., Moorman A.C., et al. Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. N Engl J Med 1998; 338:853–60.
27. Juhi T., BibhaBati M., Aradhana B., et al. Cryptococcal meningitis in a Tertiary Hospital. J Med Mycol 2009; 50: 95–9.
28. Adapted from British HIV association. UK National guidelines for HIV testing 2008. http://www.bhiva.org/documents/Guidelines/TB/TB_HIV_FINAL2005.pdf (Accessed 2nd July 2010). P7-8.

Disclaimers

Conflict Of Interest

The Journal requires that authors disclose any potential conflict of interest that they may have. This is clearly stated in the Journal’s published “Guidelines for Authors”. The Journal follows the Guidelines against Conflict of Interest published in the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals (http://www.icmje.org/urm_full.pdf).

Financial Statement

The authors of this article have not been paid. The Journal is financed by subscriptions and advertising. The Journal does not receive money from any other sources. The decision to accept or refuse this article for publication was free from financial considerations and was solely the responsibility of the Editorial Panel and Editor-in-Chief.

Patient Consent statement

All pictures and investigations shown in this article are shown with the patients’ consent. We require Authors to maintain patients’ anonymity and to obtain consent to report investigations and pictures involving human subjects when anonymity may be compromised. The Journal follows the Guidelines of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts (http://www.icmje.org/urm_full.pdf). The Journal requires in its Guidelines for Authors a statement from Authors that “the subject gave informed consent”.

Animal & Human Rights

When reporting experiments on human subjects, the Journal requires authors to indicate whether the procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the HelsinkiDeclaration of 1975, as revised in 2008.

About the Clinical Cases Database

T​he Foundation Years Clinical Cases Database is​ a selection of 600 peer-reviewed clinical cases in the field of patient safety and clinical practice, specifically focused on the clinical information needs of junior doctors, based around the Foundation Year Curriculum programme (MMC). The cases have been chosen to align with the Foundation Year Curriculum.

The database is fully searchable, or can be browsed by medical specialty. Abstracts can be read free of charge, however a subscription is required in order to read the complete cases.